I owe many expiations for breaking oaths, but when I wanted to offer this expiation, I did not know how to do it. There are no poor or needy people. Is it permissible for me to offer this expiation in the form of cash? How much should I give to each poor person? Is it permissible for me to give it to charities supporting the mujaahideen?.


Praise be to Allaah.
 

Firstly: 

Kafaarat yameen (expiation for breaking an oath) means
freeing a believing slave, or feeding or clothing ten poor people. Whoever
cannot do that must fast for three days. The basis for that is the verse in
which Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): 

“Allaah will not punish you for what is unintentional in
your oaths, but He will punish you for your deliberate oaths; for its
expiation (a deliberate oath) feed ten Masaakeen (poor persons), on a scale
of the average of that with which you feed your own families, or clothe them
or manumit a slave. But whosoever cannot afford (that), then he should fast
for three days. That is the expiation for the oaths when you have sworn”

[al-Maa’idah 5:89] 

Secondly: 

If a person
swears many oaths before breaking the oath, and the thing sworn about was
the same, then he only has to offer expiation once. But if he swore many
oaths about different things, then he has to offer expiation for each oath. 

Thirdly: 

Kafaarat al-yameen must be given to the poor, as stated by
Allaah. There is no reason why it cannot be given to the mujaahideen who are
fighting for the sake of Allaah, because Allaah has mentioned them among
those who may be given zakaah, especially if there are no poor or needy
people to whom it may be given. 

Fourthly: 

It is not permissible to pay cash instead of offering
kafaarat al-yameen, because that is going against the text. Your Lord is not
forgetful and He did not state that cash may be given instead of the
expiations mentioned in the text.