What is the ruling on listening to Soorat al-Mulk, which will save one from the punishment of the grave, before going to sleep, for one who does not know how to read Qur’an? Will the reward for that be equal to the reward of one who recites it?
Praise
be to Allah
Concerning the virtue of Soorat al-Mulk, it was narrated by
at-Tirmidhi (2891) that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him) said: “There is a soorah of the Qur’an, thirty verses long, which will
intercede for a man until he is forgiven. It is the soorah [which beings
with the words] ‘Tabaarak alladhi bi yadihi’l-mulk…
(Blessed is He in whose hand is
dominion…).’”
Classed as hasan by Shaykh al-Albaani (may Allah have mercy
on him) in Saheeh Sunan at-Tirmidhi.
At-Tirmidhi also narrated from Jaabir (may Allah be pleased
with him) that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) would
not go to sleep until he had recited “Alif, Laam,
Meem. [This is] the revelation of the
Book” [Soorat as-Sajdah] and “Tabaarak
alladhi bi yadihi’l-mulk… (Blessed is He
in whose hand is dominion…)”
[Soorat al-Mulk].
Classed as saheeh by Shaykh al-Albaani (may Allah have mercy
on him).
An-Nasaa’i (10479) narrated that Ibn Mas‘ood (may Allah be
pleased with him) said: “Whoever recites ‘Tabaarak
alladhi bi yadihi’l-mulk… (Blessed is He
in whose hand is dominion…)’
[Soorat al-Mulk] every night, Allah will protect him [mana‘ahu]
thereby from the punishment of the grave. At the time of the Messenger of
Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), we used to call it al-maani‘ah
(the protector). It is a soorah in the Book of Allah which, whoever recites
it every night, he will have done a great deal and done well.”
Classed as hasan by Shaykh al-Albaani (may Allah have mercy
on him) in Saheeh at-Targheeb wa’t-Tarheeb.
The point – as is the apparent meaning of the hadiths – is
that the virtue mentioned is only attained by the one who recites that
soorah.
For more information, please see the answers to questions no.
26240 and 191947.
With regard to simply listening, without reading, the one who
does that is not regarded as reciting or reading it, even though listening
to it is a prescribed act of worship and is something that is required. But
he will not necessarily attain the same reward and virtue as the one who
reads it. We do not know of any evidence to suggest any basis for regarding
the acts as equal.
Based on that, whoever wants to attain the virtue mentioned
in the hadiths has to read the soorah; it is not sufficient simply to listen
to it.
If he cannot read it, then he can repeat after the reciter,
especially since it is easy to listen via various means. There are recorded
recitations that allow the listener to repeat after the reciter. If he is
able to do that, then that is better, in sha Allah, and by doing that he
will actually have read or recited it, and perhaps he will attain a greater
reward for his patience in putting up with the hardship involved in that.
Whoever is not able to do any of that, or it is too difficult
for him, so he only listens to what he is able to, then we hope that he will
not be deprived of the reward of one who reads or recites, or the virtues
narrated about reciting such soorahs, if he does what he is able to.
And Allah knows best.
