Are saline solutions, vitamin injections and intravenous injections regarded as breaking the fast?

Praise
be to Allah

Firstly: 

Everything that constitutes food or drink, or comes under the
heading of food or drink, is among the things that break the fast. 

The scholars of the Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas
said: 

The things that spoil the fast are many, including eating or
drinking deliberately. Included under the heading of food and drink is
everything that enters the stomach of food or water, which includes that
which enters the stomach via the nose (naso-gastric tube), and it also
includes nutrients administered via a drip. 

End quote from Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa’imah (9/178) 

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 

The things that break the fast are: food and drink, no matter
what type of food or drink they are. Also included under the heading of food
and drink are injections, that is needles that contain nutrients for the
body or that give energy as food does. These things break the fast…. 

End quote from Majmoo‘ Fataawa wa Rasaa’il al-‘Uthaymeen
(19/21) 

He also said: 

The scholars included with things that break the fast
anything that comes under the heading of food and drink, such as nutritional
injections. These nutrients are not what gives energy to the body or heals
it; rather nutritional injections are those that take the place of food and
drink. Based on that, all injections that do not take the place of food and
drink do not break the fast, whether they are given into a vein, or into the
thigh, or any other place. 

End quote from Majmoo‘ Fataawa wa Rasaa’il al-‘Uthaymeen
(19/199) 

Secondly: 

Saline solutions that are given to some patients
intravenously do invalidate the fast, because they come under the heading of
nutrients, as they contain salts and fluids that enter the stomach and
benefit the body. 

Thirdly: 

With regard to vitamin injections and intravenous
injections: 

If they are only taken to energise the body, relieve or
reduce pain, or lower the temperature, and they do not contain any
nutrients, then they do not break the fast. 

But if they contain nutrients, then they do break the fast,
because they are taking the place of food and drink, so they come under the
same ruling. 

The scholars of the Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas
said: 

It is permissible to give medicine by means of intramuscular
or intravenous injections for one who is fasting during the day in Ramadan,
but it is not permissible for one who is fasting to be given a nutritional
injection during the day in Ramadan, because that comes under the same
ruling as consuming food or drink, so taking these injections is regarded as
a kind of loophole in Ramadan. If it is possible to give the intramuscular
or intravenous injection at night, that is preferable.

End quote from Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa’imah (10/252) 

Fourthly: 

Anal suppositories do not break the fast, because they are
only taken for medicinal purposes, and they do not come under the heading of
food or drink. 

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 

There is nothing wrong with the fasting person using
suppositories that are inserted into the anus, if he is sick, because this
is not food or drink and does not come under the heading of food or drink.
The Lawgiver has only forbidden us to eat or drink, so whatever takes the
place of food or drink comes under the same ruling as food or drink. But
whatever is not like that does not come under the heading of food or drink
in any sense, therefore the ruling on food and drink does not apply to it. 

End quote from Majmoo‘ Fataawa wa Rasaa’il al-‘Uthaymeen
(19/204) 

For more information, please see the answers to questions no.
49706, 37749,
38023 

And Allah knows best.