Some of the Sahaabah (may Allah be pleased with them) who memorised the Book of Allah, may He be exalted

Praise
be to Allah

Firstly:

The Companions
of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) were the most
eager of people to do good and the swiftest in doing righteous deeds, and
the most able to do such deeds.

One of the
greatest of their concerns was memorising the Book of Allah, may He be
exalted, learning it and acting upon it, then teaching it to people. They
used to learn it from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him), and they would teach it to one another. So whoever missed out
on learning something from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him), because they were preoccupied with jihad, would learn it
from his companions.

The most famous
of those who used to teach people the Qur’an include: ‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Affaan,
‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib, and Ubayy ibn Ka‘b (may Allah be pleased with them).
They taught many of the younger Sahaabah and, after that, many of the
Taabi‘een.

Abu ‘Abd
ar-Rahmaan as-Sulami said: Those who used to teach us the Qur’an told us
that they used to learn it from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him). When they learned ten verses, they would not move on until they
put into practice what those verses said, so we used to learn the Qur’an and
how to act upon its teachings together.

End quote from
Tafseer al-Qurtubi (1/80).

So the Sahaabah
(may Allah be pleased with them) strove to memorise the Book of Allah and
teach it to people and help them to memorise it.

Suwayd ibn ‘Abd
al-‘Azeez said: When Abu’d-Darda’ had prayed Fajr in the mosque of Damascus,
the people would gather to learn Qur’an from him, so he would put them into
groups of ten, with an instructor for each group, and he would stand in the
mihrab watching them. If one of them made a mistake, he would refer to his
instructor, and if the instructor made a mistake, he would refer to
Abu’d-Darda’ and ask him about that.

It was narrated
that Ibn Mashkam said: Abu’d-Darda’ said to me: Count those who are studying
the Qur’an with me. I counted them, and they were over one thousand and six
hundred, and for each group of ten there was a teacher.

End quote from
Ma‘rifat al-Qurra’ al-Kibaar, p. 20

Secondly:

A great number
of the Sahaabah memorised the Book of Allah, may He be exalted, and they
were so great in number that they could not all be listed. A number of the
scholars mentioned the most prominent of those among them who memorised the
Book of Allah.

Al-Haafiz Ibn
Hajar (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

Abu ‘Ubayd
mentioned those among the Companions of the Prophet (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him) who memorised the Qur’an. Among the Muhaajireen he listed
the four caliphs, Talhah, Sa‘d, Ibn Mas‘ood, Hudhayfah, Saalim, Abu
Hurayrah, ‘Abdullah ibn as-Saa’ib and the ‘Abdullahs. Among the women he
listed ‘Aa’ishah, Hafsah and Umm Salamah. But some of these only completed
its memorisation after the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him) had died.

In Kitaab
ash-Sharee‘ah, Ibn Abi Dawood listed among the Muhaajireen also: Tameem ibn
Aws ad-Daari and ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Aamir. Among the Ansaar he listed: ‘Ubaadah ibn
as-Saamit, Mu‘aadh who was known by the kunyah Abu Haleemah, Mujammi‘ ibn
Haarithah, Fadaalah ibn ‘Ubayd, Maslamah ibn Makhlad, and others. He stated
that some of them only memorised it after the Prophet (blessings and peace
of Allah be upon him) had died. Among others who also memorised it was Abu
Moosa al-Ash‘ari, who was mentioned by Abu ‘Amr ad-Daani. Some later
scholars also listed ‘Amr ibn al-‘Aas, Sa‘d ibn ‘Abbaad and Umm Waraqah as
being among those who memorised the Qur’an.

End quote from
Fath al-Baari (9/52)

See also: al-Itqaan
by as-Suyooti (1/248-249)

Among the most
prominent of these Sahaabah (may Allah be pleased with them) are the
following:

1.    

Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq
(may Allah be pleased with him)

He died on a
Monday in Jumaada al-Oola 13 AH at the age of sixty-three. ‘Umar led the
funeral prayer for him, and he was buried with the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him).

Tahdheeb at-Tahdheeb
(5/316)

2.    

‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab

He was killed on
a Wednesday 26 Dhu’l-Hijjah 23 AH, at the age of sixty-three; there are
other views concerning his age.

Tahdheeb at-Tahdheeb
(7/441)

3.    

‘Uthmaan ibn
‘Affaan (may Allah be pleased with him)

He was one of
those who memorised the Qur’an at the time of the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him). He died a martyr, unlawfully
killed in his house, on 18 Dhu’l-Hijjah 35 AH, at the age of eighty-two,
according to the correct view.

4.    

‘Ali ibn Abi
Taalib (may Allah be pleased with him)

He was killed in
Kufah on the morning of 17 Ramadan 40 AH. He memorised the Qur’an after the
death of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), and it was
said that he memorised it during his lifetime.

5.    

Ubayy ibn Ka‘b
(may Allah be pleased with him)

He was the most
prominent of the Qur’an-reciters, the one who had best memorised the Book of
Allah. He memorised it at the time of the Messenger of Allah (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) he died in Madinah in 20 AH or 19 AH.

6.    

‘Abdullah ibn
Mas‘ood ibn Ghaafil (may Allah be pleased with him)

He memorised the
Qur’an at the time of the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him). He died in Madinah at the end of 32 AH.

7.    

Zayd ibn Thaabit
ibn ad-Dahhaak (may Allah be pleased with him)

He memorised the
Qur’an at the time of the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him). He died in 45 AH, according to the more correct view.

8.    

Abu Moosa al-Ash‘ari,
‘Abdullah ibn Qays (may Allah be pleased with him)

 He learned the
Qur’an from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him). He died
in Dhu’l-Hijjah 44 AH according to the correct view.

9.    

Abu’d-Darda’
‘Uwaymir ibn Zayd al-Ansaari (may Allah be pleased with him)

He learned the
Qur’an at the time of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him). He died in 33 AH.

10.                       

Abu Hurayrah ad-Dawsi
(may Allah be pleased with him)

He learned the
Qur’an from Ubayy ibn Ka‘b. He died in 57 or 58 or 59 AH.

11.                       

‘Abdullah ibn
‘Abbaas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him)

He learned the
Qur’an from Ubayy ibn Ka‘b. He died in at-Taa’if in 68 AH.

12.                       

‘Abdullah ibn
as-Saa’ib ibn Abi’s-Saa’ib, the most prominent reciter of the people of
Makkah

He was a
companion of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) and
narrated a few reports. He was one of the younger Sahaabah. He learned the
Qur’an from Ubayy ibn Ka‘b.. He died around 70 AH, during the governorship
of Ibn az-Zubayr.

See: Ma‘rifat
al-Qurra’ al-Kibaar by al-Haafiz adh-Dhahabi (p. 10-25).

13.                       

Mu‘aadh ibn
Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him)

He learned the
Qur’an from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him). He died in 17 or 18 AH, at the age of thirty-four.

Tahdheeb at-Tahdheeb
(10/187).

14.                       

Saalim the freed
slave of Abu Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him)

He learned the
Qur’an from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him). He died in 11 AH on the day of al-Yamaamah.

Al-Bidaayah
wa’n-Nihaayah
(9/497).

15.                       

‘Abdullah ibn
‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab

He learned the
Qur’an from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) and from
‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Affaan and Zayd ibn Thaabit. He died in 73 AH or, it was said,
in 74 AH.

Tahdheeb
at-Tahdheeb
(5/330)

16.                       

‘Abdullah ibn
‘Amr ibn al-‘Aas (may Allah be pleased with him)

Ibn Maajah
(1346) narrated that he said: I memorized the Qur’an and once I recited it
all in one night. The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him) said: “I am afraid that you may live a long life and that you may
get tired …” Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Ibn Maajah.

He died in 63
AH; it was also said that he died in 65 or 68 AH, and there were other
views.

Tahdheeb at-Tahdheeb
(5/338)

17.                       

‘Uqbah ibn
‘Aamir (may Allah be pleased with him)

He learned the
Qur’an from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him). He died
in 58 AH.

Tahdheeb at-Tahdheeb
(7/243)

18.                       

‘Aa’ishah bint
Abi Bakr, the wife of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him
and may Allah be pleased with her)

She learned the
Qur’an from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him). She died in 57 AH.

Taqreeb at-Tahdheeb
(p. 750)

19.                       

Hafsah bint ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab, the wife of the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him and may Allah be pleased with her)

She learned the
Qur’an from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him). She died in 45 AH.

Taqreeb at-Tahdheeb
(p. 745)

20.                       

Umm Salamah Hind
bint Abi Umayyah, the wife of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him and may Allah be pleased with her)

She learned the
Qur’an from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him). She died in Shawwaal 59 AH; it was also said that she died during the
caliphate of Yazeed ibn Mu‘aawiyah, or in 62 AH.

Tahdheeb at-Tahdheeb
(12/456)

See also the
answer to question no. 211865

And Allah knows
best.