Types of reckoning on the Day of Resurrection

Praise
be to Allah.

Firstly: 

The punishment and bliss of the grave are proven according to the texts and
scholarly consensus. The basic principle is that the punishment or bliss of
the grave will affect the soul, and the soul may be connected to the body so
that it will feel some of the punishment or bliss. 

Please see the answers to questions no. 47055,
8829 and 21212. 

With regard to the reckoning, there is no reckoning in the grave; rather
there will be punishment for some of the deeds that one did, or bliss in the
grave for one who is among the people of good. As for the reckoning, it will
come on the Day of Resurrection. 

Secondly: 

The basic principle is that all people will be brought to account on the Day
of Resurrection, except for one type of people on whom Allah will bestow His
grace, so He will admit them to Paradise without any reckoning or punishment
beforehand, as has been explained in the answer to question no.
4203. 

At-Tirmidhi (3357) narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: When this verse was
revealed: “Then,
on that Day, you shall be asked about the delight (you indulged in, in this
world)” [at-Takaathur 102:8],
the people said: O Messenger of Allah, about what delight will we be asked?
For all we have are the two black ones (dates and water), and the enemy
always near and our swords are always at the ready. He said: “But it is what
shall come.”

Classed as hasan by al-Albaani in Saheeh at-Tirmidhi. 

Ibn Katheer (may Allah have mercy on him) said, commenting on this verse: 

That is: then you will surely be asked on that Day about gratitude for the
blessings that Allah bestowed upon you of good health, security, provision
and so on, and how you responded to His blessings by giving thanks to Him
and worshipping Him.

End quote from Tafseer Ibn Katheer (8/474) 

At-Tirmidhi (2417) narrated – and classed it as saheeh – that Abu Barzah al-Aslami
(may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) said: “A person’s feet will not move on, on the
Day of Resurrection, until he is questioned about his life and how he spent
it, about his knowledge and what he did with it, about his wealth, from
where he acquired it and on what he spent it, and about his body and for
what he wore it out.”

Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh at-Tirmidhi 

Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 

Qataadah said: Allah will ask each person about what He bestowed upon him of
His blessings and whether he fulfilled His rights over him.

The blessings that will be asked about are of two types: those that he
acquired by permissible means and disposed of in lawful ways: he will be
asked about whether he gave thanks for them; and those that he acquired by
prohibited means and disposed of in unlawful ways: he will be asked about
how he acquired them and how he disposed of them.

End quote from Ighaathat al-Lahfaan (1/84) 

He
also said: 

Everyone will be asked about the blessings that he enjoyed in this world:
did he acquire them in permissible and lawful ways or not? If he is saved
from this questioning, he will be asked another question: did he give thanks
to Allah, may He be exalted, for it then use it to help him obey Him or not?
So the first question will be about the means of acquiring it and the second
question will be about the way in which he disposed of it.

End quote from ‘Uddat as-Saabireen (p. 157) 

Thirdly: 

The reckoning on the Day of Resurrection will be of two types: 

-1-

The presentation of deeds. This will be only for the believer. He will be
questioned about his deeds, his knowledge and the blessings that Allah
bestowed upon him. He will respond in a way that will put him at ease and
explain his point in a convincing manner and in a way that will cause the
blessings of Allah to continue to be bestowed upon him.

And when his sins are shown to him, he will admit them, then Allah will
conceal them for him and will pardon him for them. 

This will not be a thorough examination and he will not be interrogated.
Then he will take his book (record of deeds) in his right hand, and he will
turn to his family in Paradise happily, because he has been saved from the
punishment and has attained reward. 

Al-Bukhaari (6536) and Muslim (2876) narrated from ‘Aa’ishah that the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever is
examined thoroughly at the Reckoning will be punished.” I said: Didn’t
Allah, may He be exalted, say: “He surely, will receive an easy
reckoning” [al-Inshiqaaq 84:8]? He said: “That is the presentation of
deeds.” 

Al-Haafiz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: al-Qurtubi said: What is meant
by “That is the presentation of deeds” is that the reckoning mentioned in
the verse refers only to the presentation of the believer’s deeds to him so
that he will acknowledge Allah’s favour to him by concealing them in this
world and by pardoning him for them in the Hereafter. 

Ahmad (24988) narrated that ‘Aa’ishah said: I asked the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) about the easy reckoning. I said:
O Messenger of Allah, what is the easy reckoning? He said: “A man’s sins
will be shown to him, then he will be pardoned for them; whoever is examined
thoroughly at the reckoning is doomed.”

Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Zilaal al-Jannah (2/128) 

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 

The believer will be brought to account but it will not be a reckoning in
the sense of a thorough examination, because the Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever is examined thoroughly at the
reckoning is doomed – or will be punished.” Rather his reckoning will be the
presentation of deeds.

End quote from al-Liqa’ ash-Shahri (1/378) 

Al-Bukhaari (2441) and Muslim (2768) narrated that Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be
pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace
of Allah be upon him) say: “Allah will draw the believer close and screen
him and will say, ‘Do you admit such and such sin, do you admit such and
such sin?’ and he will say, ‘Yes, O Lord.’ Then when he has admitted his
sins and thinks that he is doomed, [Allah] will say, ‘I concealed them for
you in the world and I forgive you for them this Day.’ Then he will be given
the book of his good deeds. But as for the kaafir and the hypocrite,
‘the witnesses will say, “These are the ones who lied
against their Lord!” No doubt! the Curse of Allah is on the Zaalimoon
(polytheists, wrongdoers, oppressors)’ [Hood
11:18 – interpretation of the meaning].”  

-2-

The reckoning in which they will be thoroughly examined. This is the
reckoning of Allah for the disbelievers and whomever He will of the sinners
among those who affirmed His Oneness. Their reckoning may be a lengthy and
difficult, according to the quantity of their sins. With regard to these
sinners among those who affirmed His Oneness, Allah may admit whomever He
will of them to Hell for some time, then He will bring them forth and admit
them to Paradise for ever. 

Muslim (2968) narrated that Abu Hurayrah said:

They said: O Messenger of Allah, will we see our Lord on the Day of
Resurrection? He said: “Do you have any problem in seeing the sun at noon
when there are no clouds?” They said: No. He said: “Do you have any problem
in seeing the moon on the night when it is full, when there are no clouds?”
They said: No. He said: “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, you will not
have any greater problem in seeing your Lord than you do in seeing either of
them. Allah will meet His slave and will say: O So and so, did I not honour
you, make you a chief, give you a spouse and subjugate horses and camels to
you, and give you the opportunity to be a leader? He will say: Yes. He will
say: Did you think that you would meet Me? He will say: No. He will say:
Then I will forget you as you forgot Me. Then He will meet a second person
and will say: O So and so, did I not honour you, make you a chief, give you
a spouse and subjugate horses and camels to you, and give you the
opportunity to be a leader? He will say: Yes, O Lord. He will say: Did you
think that you would meet Me? He will say: No. He will say: Then I will
forget you as you forgot Me. Then He will meet a third person and will say
something similar to him, and he will say: O Lord, I believed in You and in
Your Book and Your Messengers, and I prayed and fasted and gave charity, and
he will mention as many good things as he can. He will say: Stop here.

Then it will be said to him: Now We will send Our witnesses against you, and
he will think to himself: Who can bear witness against me? Then a seal will
be placed on his mouth and it will be said to his thigh, his flesh and his
bones: Speak. His thigh and his flesh and his bones will speak of his deeds,
so as to establish proof from himself. That is the hypocrite, that is the
one with whom Allah will be angry.” 

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

The scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) differed concerning the words
“Then,
on that Day, you shall be asked about the delight (you indulged in, in this
world)” [at-Takaathur 102:8]:
does this refer to the disbeliever or to both the believer and the
disbeliever? The correct view is that it refers to both the believer and the
disbeliever. Each of them will be questioned about the delights and
blessings they indulged in, but the disbeliever will be asked by way of
rebuke, whereas the believer will be asked by way of reminding. The
questioning of the believer will be by way of reminding him of the blessings
that Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, bestowed upon him, so that he
will rejoice and will realise that the One Who blessed him in this world
will honour them with His blessing in the Hereafter. As for the disbeliever,
it will be a questioning by way of rebuke.

End quote from Liqa’ al-Baab al-Maftooh (98/9) 

For more information, please see the answers to questions no.
52887 and 138650.

And Allah knows best.